Victoria's accessories

Carotenoid-binding proteins; accessories to carotenoid function.

Understanding of the widespread biological importance of carotenoids is increasing. Accompanying this is the developing recognition that the interaction of carotenoids with other molecules, such as proteins, is also essential. Here the significance of carotenoid-protein interactions with respect to biological function is reviewed for three well characterised carotenoprotein complexes; crustacya...

Elliptic Curve Digital Signatures and Accessories

Digital signatures have been used in Internet applications to provide data authentication and non-repudiation services. Digital signatures will keep on playing an important role in future Internet applications. There are two most well-known public-key cryptosystems, the RSA scheme and the ElGamal scheme, which can provide both digital signature and data encryption. More recently, the...

Peroral endoscopic myotomy using tailored accessories

Badvertisements: Stealthy Click-Fraud with Unwitting Accessories

We describe a new type of threat to the Internet infrastructure, in the shape of a highly efficient but very well camouflaged click-fraud attack on the advertising infrastructure. The attack, which we refer to as a “badvertisement”, is described and experimentally verified on several prominent advertisement schemes. This stealthy attack can be thought of as a threatening mutation of spam and ph...

The Greenland Kayak and Its Accessories